The Polyvagal Theory, developed by Stephen Porges, explains how our autonomic nervous system influences our emotional and social behavior. It highlights the role of the vagus nerve in regulating our responses to stress and safety, suggesting that feelings of safety can promote social engagement, while perceived threats can trigger defensive reactions. In therapy, understanding the Polyvagal Theory can help clinicians support clients in managing anxiety and trauma. By fostering a sense of safety and connection, therapists can guide clients to shift from defensive states to more regulated, calm states, enhancing their ability to engage in therapeutic processes.