The Architecture of the Middle Ages, spanning roughly from the 5th to the late 15th century, is characterized by distinct styles such as Romanesque and Gothic. Romanesque architecture features thick walls, rounded arches, and small windows, while Gothic architecture is known for its pointed arches, ribbed vaults, and flying buttresses, allowing for taller structures and larger windows. Notable examples include cathedrals like Notre-Dame de Paris and Chartres Cathedral, which showcase intricate designs and stunning stained glass. This period also saw the construction of castles and fortifications, reflecting the social and political changes of the time, as well as the importance of religion in daily life.