Testicular Sperm Extraction (TESE) is a medical procedure used to retrieve sperm directly from the testicles. This technique is often employed in cases of male infertility, particularly when sperm is not present in the ejaculate due to conditions like azoospermia. The procedure typically involves a minor surgical operation, where a small incision is made in the scrotum to access the testicular tissue. After the sperm is extracted, it can be used for assisted reproductive technologies, such as in vitro fertilization (IVF). TESE can be performed under local or general anesthesia, and it is generally considered safe, with minimal risks involved. The success of the procedure depends on various factors, including the underlying cause of infertility.