Sperm retrieval techniques are medical procedures used to collect sperm from men who may have difficulty producing it naturally. These methods are often employed in cases of male infertility, such as when there is a blockage in the reproductive tract or after certain surgeries. Common techniques include testicular sperm extraction (TESE) and percutaneous epididymal sperm aspiration (PESA), which allow doctors to obtain sperm directly from the testicles or epididymis. Another approach is electroejaculation, which uses electrical stimulation to induce ejaculation in men who cannot ejaculate due to medical conditions. These sperm retrieval methods are crucial for assisted reproductive technologies like in vitro fertilization (IVF), helping couples achieve pregnancy when natural conception is not possible.