Terrain mapping is the process of creating detailed representations of the Earth's surface features. This involves using various techniques, such as aerial photography, satellite imagery, and ground surveys, to gather data about landforms, elevations, and vegetation. The resulting maps help in understanding the geography of an area, which is essential for urban planning, environmental studies, and resource management. These maps can be produced in different formats, including topographic maps that show elevation changes and thematic maps that highlight specific features like rivers, mountains, or forests. Terrain mapping is crucial for activities such as construction, agriculture, and disaster management, as it provides valuable information for decision-making and planning.