Temperate deciduous forests are characterized by four distinct seasons, including warm summers and cold winters. These forests are primarily found in regions like Eastern North America, Europe, and parts of Asia. The trees in these forests, such as oak, maple, and beech, shed their leaves in the fall, allowing them to conserve water and energy during the winter months. The biodiversity in temperate deciduous forests is rich, supporting various wildlife species, including deer, foxes, and numerous bird species. The forest floor is often covered with a layer of leaf litter, which provides nutrients for the soil and supports a variety of plants, such as ferns and wildflowers.