The term Sun King refers to Louis XIV, the King of France from 1643 to 1715, who is known for his absolute rule and the establishment of a centralized state. He famously declared, "L'État, c'est moi" (I am the state), embodying the idea of absolute monarchy. His reign is marked by the expansion of French influence in Europe and the construction of the magnificent Palace of Versailles. Louis XIV's era was characterized by cultural flourishing, with advancements in art, literature, and architecture. He patronized artists like Molière and Racine, and his court became a center of culture and power. The legacy of the Sun King continues to influence perceptions of monarchy and governance in modern times.