Sultan Murad III was the 12th Sultan of the Ottoman Empire, reigning from 1574 to 1595. He was born on July 4, 1546, and was the son of Sultan Selim II. His reign is noted for military campaigns against the Safavid Empire and the Habsburg Monarchy, as well as for the expansion of the empire's territories. Murad III is also recognized for his contributions to the arts and architecture, including the construction of the Suleymaniye Mosque in Istanbul. He was known for his interest in literature and poetry, which flourished during his time, reflecting the cultural richness of the Ottoman Empire.