The Safavid Empire was a significant Persian empire that ruled from 1501 to 1736. It is known for establishing Twelver Shia Islam as the state religion, which had a lasting impact on the region's culture and politics. The empire was founded by Shah Ismail I and is recognized for its contributions to art, architecture, and the development of Persian identity. At its height, the Safavid Empire expanded across modern-day Iran, parts of Iraq, and beyond. The empire is celebrated for its beautiful mosques and palaces, such as the Shah Mosque in Isfahan, which exemplify the rich artistic heritage of the period.