Subdivision surfaces are a computer graphics technique used to create smooth and detailed 3D models. This method starts with a simple polygon mesh and progressively refines it by adding more vertices and faces, resulting in a smoother surface. The process involves repeatedly subdividing the mesh, which enhances the model's visual quality while maintaining its overall shape. This technique is widely used in various fields, including animation and video game design, to produce high-quality character models and environments. Popular software like Blender and Maya utilize subdivision surfaces to help artists achieve realistic and intricate designs efficiently.