Mesh refinement is a process used in computational modeling to improve the accuracy of simulations. It involves increasing the number of smaller elements in a mesh, which is a grid-like structure that represents a physical domain. By refining the mesh, the model can capture more details and variations in the data, leading to better results. This technique is commonly applied in fields like finite element analysis and computational fluid dynamics. By focusing on areas with high gradients or complex features, mesh refinement helps ensure that the simulation reflects real-world behavior more accurately, ultimately enhancing the reliability of predictions.