NURBS, or Non-Uniform Rational B-Splines, are mathematical representations used in computer graphics and CAD (Computer-Aided Design) to create and manipulate curves and surfaces. They allow for precise control over shapes, making them ideal for modeling complex geometries in various applications, such as automotive design and animation. NURBS can represent both standard geometric shapes, like circles and ellipses, and more intricate forms. Their flexibility comes from the use of control points, weights, and knots, which define how the curve or surface behaves. This makes NURBS a powerful tool for designers and engineers in fields like architecture and industrial design.