Steam sterilization is a process that uses high-pressure steam to kill bacteria, viruses, and other microorganisms on medical instruments and equipment. The steam penetrates the items being sterilized, raising the temperature to a level that effectively destroys harmful pathogens. This method is commonly used in hospitals and laboratories to ensure that tools are safe for use. The process typically involves placing items in a sterilizer, which is a specialized machine that generates steam and maintains the necessary temperature and pressure for a specific duration. Properly executed steam sterilization is crucial for infection control and maintaining a sterile environment in healthcare settings.