Splenic dysfunction refers to the impaired function of the spleen, an organ that plays a crucial role in filtering blood, recycling iron, and supporting the immune system. When the spleen is not functioning properly, it can lead to issues such as increased susceptibility to infections and difficulties in managing blood cells. Common causes of splenic dysfunction include conditions like sickle cell disease, cirrhosis, and certain infections. Symptoms may vary but can include fatigue, frequent infections, and anemia. Diagnosis typically involves blood tests and imaging studies to assess the spleen's size and function.