Spanish Colonization refers to the period when Spain established its dominance over vast territories in the Americas, beginning in the late 15th century. This era was marked by the arrival of explorers like Christopher Columbus and the subsequent conquest of indigenous civilizations such as the Aztecs and Incas. The Spanish sought to expand their empire, spread Christianity, and exploit natural resources. The impact of Spanish Colonization was profound, leading to significant cultural exchanges and the establishment of Spanish as a dominant language in many regions. However, it also resulted in the decline of native populations due to disease, warfare, and forced labor, reshaping the social and political landscape of the Americas.