Soil saturation refers to the condition in which all the pores in the soil are filled with water. This occurs when the amount of water in the soil exceeds its capacity to hold it, often after heavy rainfall or irrigation. When soil is saturated, it can lead to waterlogging, which can negatively affect plant growth by limiting oxygen availability to roots. The degree of soil saturation is important for various environmental processes, including drainage, plant health, and nutrient availability. Different types of soil, such as clay or sandy soil, have varying capacities for holding water, influencing how quickly they reach saturation.