Signal coupling refers to the process of transferring signals between different components in a system, ensuring that information is effectively communicated. This can occur through various methods, such as electrical connections or optical fibers, depending on the type of signals being transmitted. Proper signal coupling is essential for maintaining signal integrity and minimizing loss or distortion. In electronics, signal coupling can be categorized into two main types: direct coupling and indirect coupling. Direct coupling involves connecting components directly, while indirect coupling uses intermediary devices, like transformers or capacitors, to transfer signals. Each method has its advantages and is chosen based on the specific requirements of the system.