Impedance matching is a technique used in electrical engineering to ensure that the output impedance of a source is equal to the input impedance of a load. This alignment maximizes the power transfer and minimizes signal reflection, which can lead to signal loss. It is commonly applied in audio systems, radio frequency circuits, and telecommunications. In practical terms, impedance matching can be achieved using various components like transformers, resistors, or capacitors. For example, in a speaker system, matching the amplifier output to the speaker input helps deliver clear sound without distortion.