Transmission Line Theory is a framework used to analyze the behavior of electrical signals as they travel along conductors, such as wires or cables. It considers the effects of resistance, capacitance, and inductance, which can impact signal integrity and performance. This theory is essential for designing efficient communication systems and power distribution networks. In Transmission Line Theory, the line is often modeled as a series of small segments, each with its own electrical properties. Key concepts include characteristic impedance, reflection coefficients, and standing wave ratios, which help engineers understand how signals reflect, transmit, and dissipate energy along the line.