Shortcrust pastry is a type of pastry commonly used for making pies and tarts. It is made from a simple mixture of flour, fat (usually butter), and water. The key to achieving a tender and flaky texture is to handle the dough gently and avoid overworking it. This pastry can be either sweet or savory, depending on the recipe. Sweet shortcrust pastry often includes sugar, making it ideal for desserts like fruit tarts, while savory versions are used for quiches and meat pies. Its versatility and ease of preparation make it a popular choice in many kitchens.