The Shirvanshahs were a dynasty that ruled over the region of Shirvan, located in present-day Azerbaijan, from the 9th to the 16th centuries. They were known for their contributions to culture, architecture, and the Persian language. The dynasty played a significant role in the political landscape of the Caucasus, often engaging in conflicts with neighboring powers. The Shirvanshah rulers were patrons of the arts and built several notable structures, including the Shirvanshah Palace in Baku. This palace complex is a UNESCO World Heritage site and showcases the architectural style of the time. The dynasty's influence waned in the 16th century when they were absorbed into the Safavid Empire.