Selective herbicides are chemicals designed to target specific types of plants while leaving others unharmed. They are commonly used in agriculture and landscaping to control unwanted weeds without damaging crops or desirable plants. This selectivity is achieved by exploiting differences in plant physiology, allowing the herbicide to affect only certain species. These herbicides can be categorized based on their mode of action, such as inhibiting growth or disrupting photosynthesis. Examples include 2,4-D for broadleaf weeds and glyphosate for grasses. By using selective herbicides, farmers and gardeners can maintain healthy plants while effectively managing weed populations.