The Second Century BC was a period marked by significant political and cultural developments across various regions. In Rome, the Republic expanded its territory through military conquests, leading to increased wealth and influence. This era also saw the rise of notable figures like Scipio Africanus, who played a crucial role in the Punic Wars against Carthage. In Greece, the Second Century BC was characterized by the decline of city-states and the growing power of Macedonia. Meanwhile, in China, the Han Dynasty was consolidating its power, establishing trade routes that would later become part of the Silk Road. This period laid the groundwork for future empires and cultural exchanges.