The Scottish Wars of Independence were a series of conflicts fought between Scotland and England during the late 13th and early 14th centuries. The wars began in 1296 when King Edward I of England invaded Scotland, aiming to assert control over the territory. Key battles, such as the Battle of Stirling Bridge in 1297 and the Battle of Bannockburn in 1314, were pivotal in the struggle for Scottish autonomy. The wars were marked by significant figures, including William Wallace and Robert the Bruce, who became symbols of Scottish resistance. The conflict ultimately led to the recognition of Scotland's independence with the signing of the Treaty of Edinburgh in 1328, although tensions with England continued for years.