Scottish contributions to science and technology are significant, with notable figures like James Watt, who improved the steam engine, and Alexander Graham Bell, the inventor of the telephone. These innovations played crucial roles in the Industrial Revolution and communication advancements. In literature, Scotland has produced renowned writers such as Robert Burns and Sir Walter Scott, whose works have influenced English literature and culture. Additionally, the Scottish Enlightenment brought forth thinkers like David Hume and Adam Smith, who made lasting impacts on philosophy and economics.