Sapiens, or modern humans, are a species of primates belonging to the family Hominidae. They are characterized by their advanced cognitive abilities, including problem-solving, language, and abstract thinking. Homo sapiens first appeared around 300,000 years ago in Africa and have since spread across the globe, adapting to various environments. Humans are distinguished by their upright posture and bipedal locomotion, which allows for efficient movement. They possess a highly developed brain, enabling complex social structures and cultural practices. Sapiens have created tools, art, and technology, significantly impacting the planet and other species.