Santalum is a genus of trees and shrubs known for their fragrant heartwood, commonly referred to as sandalwood. These trees are primarily found in tropical and subtropical regions, with the most famous species being Santalum album, or Indian sandalwood. The heartwood of sandalwood is highly valued for its aromatic oil, which is used in perfumes, incense, and traditional medicine. Sandalwood has a long history of cultural significance, especially in Hindu and Buddhist traditions, where it is often used in religious rituals and ceremonies. The wood is also sought after for its calming scent, making it popular in aromatherapy and relaxation practices.