Sankhya philosophy is one of the six classical schools of Indian philosophy, primarily attributed to the sage Kapila. It emphasizes a dualistic approach, distinguishing between two fundamental realities: Purusha (consciousness) and Prakriti (matter). According to Sankhya, understanding the relationship between these two is essential for achieving liberation and self-realization. The philosophy outlines a systematic framework of 25 principles, including the five elements, senses, and the mind. It serves as a foundational text for other Indian philosophies, including Yoga, which builds upon its concepts to guide practitioners toward spiritual growth and enlightenment.