Sankhya is an ancient Indian philosophy that focuses on the enumeration and classification of reality. It is one of the six orthodox schools of Hindu philosophy and emphasizes the distinction between the material world and the spiritual self. The philosophy teaches that understanding the nature of existence involves analyzing the elements that make up the universe. Central to Sankhya is the concept of two fundamental realities: Purusha, the conscious self, and Prakriti, the material world. This dualism helps explain the relationship between the mind, body, and the universe. Sankhya also lays the groundwork for other philosophical systems, including Yoga, by providing a framework for understanding human experience and liberation.