The Salazar dictatorship refers to the authoritarian regime led by António de Oliveira Salazar in Portugal from 1932 to 1968. Salazar, a conservative and nationalist, established a corporatist state that suppressed political opposition, controlled the media, and limited civil liberties. His government promoted traditional values and economic stability, but it also faced criticism for its repressive measures. Under Salazar, Portugal maintained a policy of colonialism in Africa, particularly in Angola, Mozambique, and Guinea-Bissau. The regime's refusal to decolonize led to prolonged conflicts and resistance movements, ultimately contributing to its downfall in the mid-1970s, following the Carnation Revolution.