The Safavid dynasty was a significant ruling dynasty in Persia, now modern-day Iran, from the early 16th to the mid-18th century. Founded by Shah Ismail I, the Safavids established Shia Islam as the state religion, which played a crucial role in shaping Iranian identity and culture. Under the Safavids, Persia experienced a cultural renaissance, marked by advancements in art, architecture, and philosophy. Notable achievements include the construction of stunning mosques and the flourishing of Persian miniature painting. The dynasty's influence extended beyond Persia, impacting neighboring regions and contributing to the development of Islamic art and culture.