The Qajar dynasty was a ruling family in Iran that lasted from 1789 to 1925. Founded by Agha Mohammad Khan Qajar, the dynasty played a significant role in shaping modern Iran. The Qajars faced various challenges, including foreign invasions and internal strife, which influenced their governance and policies. During the Qajar era, Iran experienced significant cultural and political changes, including the introduction of modern education and infrastructure. The dynasty is also known for its distinctive art and architecture, with notable examples like the Golestan Palace in Tehran. Ultimately, the Qajar dynasty ended when Reza Shah Pahlavi established the Pahlavi dynasty.