The Royal Cemetery of Ur is an archaeological site located in modern-day Iraq, dating back to the Sumerian civilization around 2600-2400 BCE. Discovered in the 1920s by British archaeologist Leonard Woolley, the site contains elaborate burial tombs of royalty and high-status individuals, showcasing the wealth and culture of ancient Mesopotamia. The cemetery features over 2,000 graves, with many containing valuable artifacts, including jewelry, pottery, and musical instruments. Notable finds include the famous Standard of Ur, a decorated box that illustrates scenes of war and peace, reflecting the social structure and artistic achievements of the time.