Roman society was structured into distinct classes, primarily the patricians and plebeians. The patricians were the wealthy elite who held most of the political power, while the plebeians were the common people, including farmers, laborers, and artisans. Over time, the plebeians gained more rights and representation, leading to a more balanced political system. Family was central to Roman life, with the paterfamilias, or male head of the household, holding significant authority. Education was valued, especially for boys, who learned reading, writing, and rhetoric. Women had limited rights but could own property and manage businesses, reflecting a complex social structure.