Roman portraiture refers to the artistic practice of creating lifelike representations of individuals in ancient Rome. This style emerged around the 1st century BCE and was characterized by a focus on realism, capturing not only physical features but also the personality and status of the subject. Sculptures and busts were commonly made from materials like marble and bronze. The portraits often depicted prominent figures, including politicians, military leaders, and philosophers, reflecting their importance in society. Roman portraiture served both commemorative and propagandistic purposes, showcasing the ideals of Roman culture and the values of Roman citizenship.