Robert Arthur Talbot Gascoyne-Cecil, known as the 3rd Marquess of Salisbury, was a prominent British statesman born on February 3, 1830. He served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom three times during the late 19th century, representing the Conservative Party. His leadership was marked by a focus on imperial expansion and foreign policy. Gascoyne-Cecil was also known for his role in the Second Boer War and his opposition to the Liberal Party. He was a key figure in British politics during a time of significant change, including the rise of the Labour Party and shifts in the British Empire. He passed away on August 22, 1903.