Richard I, also known as Richard the Lionheart, was King of England from 1189 until his death in 1199. He was born on September 8, 1157, and was the son of King Henry II and Eleanor of Aquitaine. Richard is best known for his role in the Third Crusade, where he led Christian forces in an attempt to reclaim Jerusalem from Muslim control. Despite his military prowess, Richard spent little time in England, focusing instead on his campaigns in the Holy Land. He was a skilled warrior and earned a reputation for bravery, but his reign was marked by high taxes to fund his wars. Richard died from a wound sustained during a siege in France.