Rho protein is a small GTPase that plays a crucial role in various cellular processes, including cell shape, movement, and division. It acts as a molecular switch, cycling between an active GTP-bound state and an inactive GDP-bound state. This switching is essential for regulating the actin cytoskeleton, which provides structural support to cells. Rho proteins are part of the Rho family of GTPases, which includes other members like Rac and Cdc42. These proteins interact with various downstream effectors to influence cellular functions such as gene expression, cell adhesion, and motility. Dysregulation of Rho proteins can contribute to diseases, including cancer.