Rho GTPase is a family of proteins that play a crucial role in regulating various cellular processes, including cell shape, movement, and division. These proteins act as molecular switches, toggling between an active and inactive state, which allows them to control signaling pathways within the cell. Rho GTPases are involved in the organization of the cytoskeleton, the structure that helps maintain cell shape and enables movement. They also influence processes like cell adhesion and gene expression, making them important for development, immune responses, and wound healing.