RhoA is a small GTPase protein that plays a crucial role in regulating various cellular processes, including cell shape, movement, and division. It is part of the Rho family of proteins, which are involved in signaling pathways that control the cytoskeleton, the structure that helps maintain a cell's shape and enables its movement. When activated, RhoA binds to GTP, a molecule that provides energy for cellular activities. This activation leads to the formation of stress fibers and promotes cell adhesion, influencing how cells interact with their environment. Dysregulation of RhoA can contribute to various diseases, including cancer and cardiovascular disorders.