Renal vascular diseases refer to conditions that affect the blood vessels supplying the kidneys. These diseases can lead to reduced blood flow, resulting in kidney damage and impaired function. Common causes include atherosclerosis, renal artery stenosis, and thromboembolism. Symptoms may include high blood pressure, kidney dysfunction, and sometimes abdominal pain. Diagnosis often involves imaging tests like ultrasound or CT scans to assess blood flow. Treatment options may include medications, lifestyle changes, or surgical interventions to restore proper blood circulation to the kidneys.