Renaissance thought emerged in Europe during the 14th to 17th centuries, marking a revival of interest in classical Greek and Roman ideas. This intellectual movement emphasized humanism, which focused on the potential and achievements of individuals rather than solely on religious themes. Scholars sought knowledge through observation, reason, and the study of ancient texts, leading to advancements in art, science, and philosophy. Key figures of this period included Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo, and Niccolò Machiavelli, who contributed to various fields such as painting, sculpture, and political theory. The Renaissance also fostered innovations like the printing press, which facilitated the spread of ideas and knowledge, shaping modern Western thought.