Refining processes are methods used to purify raw materials, making them suitable for use in various applications. This is commonly seen in industries like metallurgy, where ores are processed to extract valuable metals such as gold or copper. The goal is to remove impurities and enhance the quality of the final product. In the context of petroleum, refining processes involve separating crude oil into its components, such as gasoline and diesel. Techniques like distillation and cracking are employed to break down complex hydrocarbons, ensuring that the resulting fuels meet specific standards for performance and safety.