Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) are highly reactive molecules that contain oxygen. They are produced naturally in the body during metabolic processes, especially in the mitochondria, where energy is generated. While ROS play essential roles in cell signaling and immune responses, excessive amounts can lead to oxidative stress, damaging cells and tissues. Oxidative stress is linked to various health issues, including cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and neurodegenerative disorders. The body has antioxidant systems, such as vitamins C and E, to neutralize ROS and maintain balance. Understanding ROS is crucial for developing strategies to mitigate their harmful effects and promote overall health.