Rare events are occurrences that happen infrequently and are often unexpected. These events can range from natural phenomena, like earthquakes or tornadoes, to unusual human experiences, such as winning a lottery or discovering a new species. Because they are not common, rare events can have significant impacts, both positive and negative, on individuals and communities. In statistics, rare events are often analyzed to understand their likelihood and potential consequences. Researchers use models to predict the probability of such events, which can help in planning and preparedness. Understanding rare events is crucial in fields like disaster management and public health, where anticipating the unexpected can save lives and resources.