"Railway Mania" refers to a period in the early 19th century, particularly during the 1840s in the United Kingdom, when there was a rapid expansion of railway networks. This era was characterized by intense speculation and investment in railway companies, leading to a surge in stock prices and the establishment of numerous new lines. The excitement surrounding railways was fueled by their potential to transform transportation and commerce. However, the bubble eventually burst in 1846, resulting in significant financial losses for many investors. The aftermath highlighted the risks of speculative investment and the importance of regulation in emerging industries.