The pulp cavity is the central part of a tooth that contains the dental pulp, which is made up of nerves, blood vessels, and connective tissue. This cavity plays a crucial role in the tooth's health, providing nutrients and sensation. It is surrounded by the hard tissues of the tooth, including the dentin and enamel. In healthy teeth, the pulp cavity is protected from bacteria and decay. However, if a tooth is damaged or decayed, bacteria can enter the pulp cavity, leading to infection and pain. In such cases, dental procedures like root canal therapy may be necessary to remove the infected pulp and save the tooth.