Psychological experiments are scientific studies designed to understand human behavior and mental processes. Researchers manipulate variables to observe their effects on participants, often using control and experimental groups. These experiments help uncover insights into topics like memory, learning, and social interactions. One famous example is the Stanford prison experiment, conducted by Philip Zimbardo in 1971, which explored the impact of perceived power on behavior. Participants were assigned roles as guards or prisoners, revealing how situational factors can influence actions and attitudes. Such studies contribute to our understanding of psychology and inform practices in various fields, including education and therapy.