Prussian politics were characterized by a strong central authority and a militaristic approach to governance. The state was known for its efficient bureaucracy and the influence of the Junkers, a class of landowning nobles who played a significant role in political affairs. The King of Prussia held substantial power, often working closely with the Chancellor to implement policies that emphasized military strength and national unity. During the 19th century, Prussian politics underwent significant changes, particularly with the rise of Otto von Bismarck. He utilized realpolitik, focusing on pragmatic and strategic decisions to unify the German states under Prussian leadership. This culminated in the establishment of the German Empire in 1871, marking a pivotal moment in European history.