Princess Caroline of Hesse-Kassel was born on May 24, 1771, in Kassel, Germany. She was a member of the House of Hesse and the daughter of Landgrave William IX of Hesse-Kassel and Princess Caroline of Nassau-Usingen. Caroline married Prince William of Orange in 1796, becoming the Princess of Orange. Caroline played a significant role in the cultural life of the Dutch Royal Family. She was known for her interest in the arts and her efforts to promote education. Throughout her life, she had a strong influence on her children and was involved in various charitable activities until her death on January 18, 1854.